Tag Archive for: Beth Leslie

Are After-Work Drinks Sexist in the UK?

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after-work-drinks

Guest Contributed by Beth Leslie

Jeremy Corbyn, the leader of the UK’s Labour Party, recently sparked outrage by labelling after-work socialising as sexist because it “benefits men who don’t feel the need to be at home looking after their children and it discriminates against women who will want to, obviously, look after the children”.

In one fell swoop, he offended everyone. Single women railed at the anachronistic association of all women with housewifery. Mothers were furious by the stereotyped assumption that they are automatically the primary caregivers. Men were offended by the outdated notion that they don’t want to spend time with their children. The British as a nation became hysterical that this left-winged bearded fellow might be trying to take their Thursday night drink away from them.

But then someone pointed out that Carolyn Fairbairn, the first female head of the Confederation of British Industry, had made similar criticisms about after-work culture. Female journalists at the New Yorker and The Independent voiced their agreement too. So is Corbyn actually correct? Are after-work events discriminatory against women?

The Activity vs. The Hour

The debate is particularly problematic because “after-work socialising” means different things to different people. It could be a formal networking event. It could be a casual cocktail with colleagues. Or, as the corporate packages offered by 41% of lap-dancing clubs attest; it could be a client meeting in a strip club.

So while Corbyn’s comments focused on the discriminatory timing of after-work events, many feminist campaigners are more concerned with the nature of these activities. Donald Trump’s recently leaked boasts about sexually harassing women indicates how heartbreakingly common workplace harassment is. 52% of women in the UK say they’ve experienced it, and such harassment is often exacerbated by after-work socialising because it usually involves alcohol and a blurring of the lines between professional and personal life. This problem can exist even within formal networking events, where women complain that many men respond to their networking with flirtation, and where even companies as prominent as Microsoft are curating an environment of objectification by hiring ‘booth babes’.

At the same time, opting out of after-work sessions comes at a cost. Clients are discovered and deals are made at networking events. Bosses give praise and promotions to subordinates they’ve become pally with after a few pints. And co-workers who socialise together build bonds and friendships that drop-outs can feel excluded from.

So yes, there are many aspects of after-work socialising that can be seen as inherently sexist. But the answer cannot be banning all after-work events. Not only would it be impossible to enforce, it is worryingly illiberal. Women-only networking events, meanwhile, seem to partition off the problem more than they solve it.

Businesses Need to Lead a Culture Change

Eliminating sexism from business requires the elevation of the idea that it is not only immoral, but unprofitable. The spate of lawsuits by female professionals who consider a corporate insistence on conducting business in strip clubs detrimental to their career prospects should be encouraged. Companies which engage in sexist practices should be named and shamed on regular and social media. Managers should take complaints of sexual harassment seriously and punish offenders severely. Individuals should be encouraged to speak up when they witness or experience misogyny in the workplace.

It may seem quixotic at first glance, but each hardened opinion contributes to the snowball of social change. After all, most businesses can’t afford to turn off female talent, and even fewer can afford to lose female customers.

The After-Hours Element

Corbyn and his backers, however, appeared to suggest that even the most progressive event is discriminatory if it takes place outside of work hours because of childcare commitments. The problem with this is that it muddles two distinct concepts. Holding an event after hours is not anti-women but anti-parent. However, because of gender stereotypes, working mothers do end up carrying more of the burden than working fathers.

It is the second concept which society and businesses have a duty to eliminate. For companies, this should take the form of implementing and encouraging parental equality policies, such as shared parental leave. Similarly, more work should be done on a social level to equalise the attitudes towards working fathers and working mothers.

Yet turning the plight of an ambitious parent who also wants to spend the evening with their kids into a feminist issue is a mistake, because it further entrenches gender stereotypes about women as homemakers. Ultimately, having children is a choice in the way your gender is not, and exclusion from after-work events because you choose to spend time with your children, however frustrating, is morally distinct from being excluded from after-work events because of sexist perceptions or actions against you.

Advocating for a workplace that is more parent-friendly is a worthy fight and it should not be a sexist one.

Beth Leslie writes graduate careers advice for Inspiring Interns, a recruitment agency which specialises in matching candidates to their dream internship. Check out their graduate jobs London listings for roles, or if you’re looking to hire an intern, have a look at their innovative Video CVs.

Disclaimer: The opinions and views of Guest contributors are not necessarily those of theglasshammer

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Does Hollywood’s failure to pass the Bechdel test have a negative effect on the workplace?

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hollywood-signGuest contributed by Beth Leslie

When critiquing the feminist credentials of a film, a good place to start is the Bechdel Test. To pass, a movie must fulfil three simple criteria: It has two named female characters, who talk to each other about something other than a man. Just under half of all films fail.

For comparison, when IMD compiled a list of films that botched the “Reverse-Bechdel Test” they managed to think of four.

Of course, blatant sexism in any aspect of life is distressing in and of itself. But media is influential. How much of an impact does a lack of female investment bankers, superheroes and whip-wielding archaeologists have on the career aspirations of real-life women?

Movies Influence Us

Movies matter. Study after study shows how the film industry can shape and influence politics, constructions of cultural identity and social change. How on-screen women are portrayed, therefore, affects real-life ideas about real-life women.

The Bechdel Test highlights the industry’s shortcomings in this regard: on-screen, women appear half as much as men and speak significantly less than them. They are rarely the lead or even co-lead, and they are over-sexualised and disproportionately young.

Over and over again, therefore, we watch men being dominant and women being marginalised. The idea becomes cemented in our mind, so that when we actually experience men disproportionately directing discussions or taking on positions of responsibility we accept it the norm.

We learn to associate masculinity with leadership and women with “sexy lamps”. When it comes to hiring and promotion decisions, we are already primed to see men as influencers, winners and go-getters. We want our high-fliers to be heroes, so we compare candidates against our established notions of what a hero looks like.

We see quintessential ‘good guys’ – the James Bonds, the Tony Starks – repeatedly sexualise the women they work with and think that such behaviour is acceptable. We search for examples of heroines who are over thirty-five or intellectually superior and, finding none, disparage experience and intellect as valid indicators of a women’s worth.

Women Don’t Work in Films

Work and the workplace is often represented in films, and it is usually depicted as an unrealistically masculine space. Male characters are notably more likely to have an identifiable job than female characters. They are also substantially more likely to occupy senior roles – women make up just 3% of fictional C-Suite executives. Of the 129 influential family films identified by the above study, not one showed a female character at the top of the financial, legal, journalism or political sector. (In contrast, there were 45 depictions of powerful male politicians alone.)

Gender stereotypes are endemic in film. In the hospital wards of Hollywood, 89% of nurses are women but only 10% of doctors are. The number of female engineers, soldiers, and officials is so low as to almost be negligible. The suggestion is therefore that women aren’t workers, and they certainly aren’t successful workers. By associating career progression so strongly with men, the movie industry depicts working itself is a “masculine” trait. Considering we learn about the world through media, this is disturbing.

Of course, women are underrepresented in senior positions and masculine professions, but not to the extent they are on-screen. This suggests that Hollywood is not so much reflecting reality as reflecting a conception of reality where different genders conform to markedly different life paths. By exaggerating existing stereotypes, it amplifies the pressure to conform to said stereotypes.

We Are Limited by Our Expectations

We grow up watching TV, and it influences our dreams and ambitions. Little girls seem particularly susceptible to emulating the actresses they see on screen – one study found that admiring a star whose characters’ smoke vastly increases the risk of becoming a smoker. Such admiration is particularly problematic if many of the characters we identify with are deficient in ambition and career success.

We cannot be what we cannot see, and the lack of professional representations of women, particularly in the boardroom or STEM industries, makes it harder for young women to conceptualise themselves as such figures. Movies show girls a version of happiness which involves playing the sidekick of a successful man, so women who want to be happy learn to copy this formula. Movies show young girls visions of themselves as pretty PAs or charming caregivers, and suggest that this is what women should be.

There is a solution: put more women in the film industry. When women create films, they invariably pass the Bechdel Test (and other measures of gender equality) with flying colours. Unfortunately, sexism has worked its wrecking hand here too: just 7% of directors, 20% of writers and 23% of producers are women.

Beth Leslie writes graduate careers advice for Inspiring Interns, a recruitment agency which specialises in matching candidates to their dream internship. Check out their graduate jobs London listings for roles, or if you’re looking to hire an intern, have a look at their innovative Video CVs.

Disclaimer: The opinions and views of Guest contributors are not necessarily those of theglasshammer.com

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