vanessavallelyContributed by Vanessa Vallely, Founder of We Are The City

Back in 2008, I was a frustrated career orientated mum of 2. I realised that if I wanted to move on in my career I needed to seek other development opportunities outside of my Corporate environment. It only took me a year or so to work out that developing my career was not at the top of my bosses’ agenda and that my boat wasn’t going to come in, I had to swim out to it.

I had heard of women’s networking groups before, but, to be honest I had bought in to the stereotype that these were feminist gatherings where they burned bras and effigies of men. How wrong could one be?! And who would have thought that my frustration would not only lead me to create a solution to the problem, but through that process I would become such a huge advocate of women’s networks.

Despite my original preconception about their value, researching women’s networks in more detail felt like a sensible place to start. I reverted to the old fashioned Google search, and what appeared was nothing short of information overload. There were multiple groups offering all different kinds of support. Some were industry specific, some were senior Women only, others wanted hard cash for what I could see was little in return. My frustration was the amount of information I would have to wade through in order to make an informed decision about where I invested my time and what I would get in return.

What I actually wanted was a one stop shop that could provide me with a synopsis of all of the City Women’s networks, a centralized place where I could see what events were running in my area, a place where I could read articles written by experts that would contribute to my development or spark my creative juices and if possible (as we are women after all) provide me with a bit of City lifestyle guidance, e.g. where to entertain my clients, where to drink with my colleagues, where to shop in the concrete jungle and perhaps even where to get my nails done!

Despite searching, I quickly found no such website existed. So after a bit of convincing from my husband and friends that this was a good idea, coupled with the results of our market research, www.wearethecity.com was born.

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Business-meetingThursday morning marked The Glass Hammer’s fourth breakfast panel for top women on the buy-side. The topic was Dodd Frank, and what’s in store for the investment management industry as we get closer to implementation.

Moderated by Donna Parisi, Partner, Shearman & Sterling, the panel included Viva Hammer, Principal, KPMG Washington National Tax; Sarah Lee, Managing Director, Global Head of Fixed Income Derivatives Legal, Bank of America Merrill Lynch; Cynthia Meyn, Executive Vice President Operations, Pimco; and Barbara Novick, Vice Chairman, BlackRock.

Parisi commented, “It’s a brave new regulatory environment, and it will take a lot more resources going forward.”

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CaitClarkeContributed by Cait Clarke

The ‘inconvenient’ truth is that to fully prosper as both a class and – perhaps more importantly – as individuals, women must get better at asserting themselves. Policy and statute are certainly critical to stop flagrant, documentable abuses. Context is important. But women themselves must, in a phrase, become considerably more comfortable about asking for what they want and be adept in getting it.

It was to that end – empowering individual women with skills that couldn’t be marginalized – that I set out to write Dare to Ask! A Woman’s Guidebook to Successful Negotiation. Good negotiating texts available, but few directly show women how to negotiate as women!

There are many reasons women often avoid negotiating – some are part cultural, some are part social, and some are part biological.

  • Cultures worldwide almost universally proclaim the gender value that women not be perceived as pushy or aggressive vis-à-vis men (even at the level of language; for example, there is no male counterpart to the female term ‘bitch’ which adequately connotes the same tone of sexual possession and oppression).
  • Socially, women have historically been fixed in subordinate roles, and thus, conditioned to ‘operate below the radar’ to get what they want. In the absence of socially sanctioned power, one doesn’t have authority to make demands.
  • Biologically, women appear to have evolved in ways that facilitate social bonding (whereas men evolved with a premium placed on climbing and dominating hierarchies). Via a greater preponderance than men of such hormones as oxytocin (sometimes referred to as ‘the cuddle hormone’) and lesser amounts of testosterone, women behave in ways that favor ‘getting along by going along’. Negotiation, on the other hand, is typically perceived as confrontation.

One more factor needs to be mentioned: women have typically not been mentored in negotiating. Most fathers don’t teach daughters how to ‘dare to ask’ for what they want. At work, men will often be exposed early in their careers to situations that call for negotiating; women generally will not be (although this is starting to change as more women penetrate the glass ceiling).

Examples of women suffering from their well-documented reluctance to negotiate are legion. We cite in Dare to Ask! a classic study of the starting salaries of graduates from prestige business schools: those of men were 6% higher than those of women (even more when bonuses are included, with initial differentials compounding over time) because, unlike their female counterparts, they didn’t accept the first deal offered. Even women lawyers, working in a field that focuses on negotiations, are underpaid; at the highest level of elite firms, female partners are paid on average $66,000 less than their male counterparts (this according to Professor Joan Williams of the University of California Hastings Law School).

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Hiring - Happy business woman offering you a handshakeContributed by Mariana Ashley

Everyone with any interviewing experience knows that before an interview you must do some research. Look into the company or organization you are interviewing with. Learn their mission and their interests. Read about the position that is available. Study as much as you can about the bosses and supervisors. While most everyone knows to prepare for an interview, many still fail to prepare for one crucial part. At any interview an interviewer is going to ask if you have any questions. You should always have some prepared and educated questions to ask your employer. Looking for a job is a stressful time in any individual’s life.

But with the pressure to land the position and get the paycheck, many interviewees fail to remember that an interview is a two way process. You are interviewing your potential employer just as much as that potential employer is interviewing you. The following are five essential questions every interviewee should ask during an interview.

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StephanieNivenBy Cleo Thompson (London), founder of The Gender Blog

Twenty-seven year old Stephanie Niven is aiming high. As sole Portfolio Manager of the Fundamental Strategy of the Global Equity Strategies Fund at specialist equity boutique Javelin Capital LLP, she has already been named both the Young Professional of the Year at the Women in Banking and Finance (WIBF) 2011 Awards and as one of Management Today’s 35 Women Under 35.

The list, published annually, showcases the UK’s highest achieving young women, acknowledging female talent in a variety of industries and disciplines. Nearly half of this year’s list includes women involved in the successful start-up of new corporations, with Stephanie’s inclusion reflecting her role as part of a three person team from Goldman Sachs who established Javelin Capital in 2009.

A self-described “geek”, albeit one who also competes in triathlons, Niven’s career indicates how it’s possible to find success in the City without the typical background of an economics or finance degree. She has a double first in History from Oxford University and describes history as her “passion, rather than a vocation – but the skills that I bring from an arts degree, such as assessment and the ability to constantly be learning, are very useful in a stimulating environment such as the City.”

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Working Dad walking with sonBy Tina Vasquez (Los Angeles)

A recent report by A Better Balance: The Work and Family Legal Center, a national legal advocacy organization, revealed that nearly 85 percent of fathers feel pressure to be both a financial provider and an engaged parent, and three out of four fathers worry that their jobs do not allow them to be the kind of dads that want to be.

The report, entitled Beyond the Breadwinner: Professional Dads Speak Out on Work and Family, also found that more than half of the 250 working fathers surveyed identify work-family balance as a source of frequent stress. A larger study by The Boston College Center for Work & Family surveyed 1,000 white collar fathers from large corporations and came to similar findings: Dads are struggling to juggle their dual roles as caregiver and breadwinner.

Now we must ask ourselves: will companies be more receptive to offering flexible work options now that working fathers are struggling to balance it all? And if so, why did it take men feeling the pinch to get the attention of corporate America when women have been struggling with the same issue for years?

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KarenHoBy Jessica Titlebaum (Chicago)

Karen Ho, chief operating officer of Broadway Technology, a trading technology solutions provider for top-tier banks and hedge funds, is an avid Mets fan. She recalls a game they played at Wrigley Field when she was living in Chicago and working at O’Connor and Associates.

“I went to the game with some of my colleagues and no one would sit next to me because I was wearing a Mets cap,” she said. “The Mets were leading all the way into the 9th inning but the Cubs won in the end.”

Ho’s integrity and enthusiasm have helped her excel as a leader in her career from an early age. For example, having becoming Managing Director at Bank of America at the age of 30, Ho has taken her skills to Broadway Technology to help turn it expand internationally.

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Business NetworkingBy Camille Reyes (New York City)

For many people, networking is on par with dental extractions when it comes to their list of favorite activities. For example, a friend of mine confided in me her horror about an upcoming corporate retreat for new hires, including an team-building adventure course and “trust falls.” Networking is often a painful experience, and the prospect of having to “fall” into the arms of a stranger – and then make small talk with him – only compounded her apprehension.

Perhaps this dread helps explain why so many people at networking events suddenly turn into pitch-men (and women), attempting to sell, sell, sell to anyone who will listen – and why an equal number suddenly sprint to the bar for a refreshment in response to a particularly unctuous pitch. But the uncertainty doesn’t stop there. At a panel event, for example, the question of whether or not to approach the speaker afterward gnaws at your brain. Common wisdom says to do these things often, yet so few people know how to do them well.

But then, of course, there are those confident types who seem to work a room effortlessly. Gold dust falls from their eyelashes as they confidently shake hands with strangers without even a hint of sweat in the pits of their perfectly starched shirts. She will come home with C-level business cards and action plans. She will get buckets of referrals. What is the secret to such networking prowess?

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By Tina Vasquez (Los Angeles)

Recently, Working Mother Magazine released its 2011 list of the best places to work for multicultural women – essentially, a survey of the availability and usage of diversity programs, as well as the accountability of the managers who oversee them at top corporations. For the fifth year in a row, Pepsico has been named number one, along with with 23 other companies, all of which are committed to supporting women of color with strong diversity, leadership, and education programs. Here are four of the most innovative initiatives included on 2011 list, that help advance and retain diverse women.

IBM
IBM’s cutting edge Reverse Mentoring pilot program turned mentoring on its head. Ten senior executives were given the opportunity to choose a culture they wanted to learn more about and for 10 months, and multicultural women (who were primarily non-executives) from these cultures acted as their mentors, helping them better understand cultural differences. The need for the program was identified as a key initiative of the Multicultural Women’s Group at the company, whose mission it is to attract, retain, and develop women through mentoring, networking, fostering a sense of community, and exchanging information.

According to Angela Archon, IBM’s VP of systems and technology, the program promoted cultural sensitivity and adaptability and demonstrated the impact of globalization and why culture matters.

“The hallmark of the program was to increase knowledge and sensitivity around cultural differences and continuously improve global collaboration. It helped dispel myths; it provided clarity to issues related to stereotyping; and it increased cultural awareness,” Archon said. “Executive mentees gained knowledge about their mentor’s culture and how business is done in that culture and the multicultural women who served as mentors had the opportunity to build a relationship with an IBM executive and enhance their leadership capabilities.”

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Grant-DBy Melissa J. Anderson (New York City)

A strong proponent of mentoring and the continued expansion of women’s leadership roles in the legal industry, Shearman & Sterling partner Denise Grant also believes it is important to step back and take a broad view.

“At the end of the day, when thinking about the challenges and barriers for women in law, they’re relative,” she explained. “Growing up the daughter of a diplomat and now as an international transactional lawyer, I’ve traveled all over the world. I’ve seen women denied basic rights and opportunities, like going to school, being able to vote, being able to speak for themselves. In relative terms, the barriers we face here pale in comparison.”

She continued, “The real challenge for each of us is to find our own path. You may bump into a wall, but the challenge is for you to decide how to get beyond that wall. Do you scale it? Do you dig under it? Do you find a way around it?”

Grant, a partner in Shearman & Sterling’s Project Development & Finance Group and co-chair of the firm’s Diversity Committee, was also the firm’s first black partner. She is proud of her career and the opportunity to open doors for others where there may have been a wall before, and she encourages other senior female role models to not only open doors but to help usher women through them.

A Lifer at Shearman & Sterling

Grant, originally from Guyana, grew up in the United Kingdom, Canada, Belize and several countries in South America, and came to the US with her family – her father was Guyana’s Ambassador to the United States – to attend college. She studied International Relations at George Washington University and then attended Georgetown University Law School.

“I’m a lifer at Shearman & Sterling,” Grant began. After working at the firm as a summer associate during law school and then becoming a full-time associate in 1989, Grant climbed to the top of the ladder at the firm and became a partner in 1998.

“With my background in international relations, my initial goal was to garner some experience at a private law firm and then eventually join an international organization like the World Bank, the IMF, or IFC,” she recalled. “But my work here at Shearman & Sterling has always felt like a great fit.”

“Shearman did – and still does – have a significant platform in Latin America, and so the firm was my first choice based on the ability to practice law on cross-border transactions in the region where I grew up,” she continued. “And, best of all, I’ve actually done some work for the IFC and have worked on matters involving the IMF and the World Bank.”

Today, over 20 years later, Grant continues to focus on financings in Latin America. In fact, she said, one of the most interesting things she’s experienced during her career has been the evolution of transactions and the players in the region.

“When I first started doing work there, Latin America was considered an ’emerging market’ and the region was comprised of ‘developing countries,’” she explained. “But now I’ve seen many of those countries emerge. It’s very exciting to see that transformation, to have the opportunity to represent Latin American companies and financial institutions that have actually grown to such a magnitude as to acquire companies in the US and to lead internationally syndicated financings.”

For example, Grant has played a key role in supporting the expansion of Brazilian beef producer JBS, which made an important acquisition outside of Brazil and into the US with the 2009 purchase of Pilgrim’s Pride, a major chicken company. She has worked with JBS on subsequent financings for its US subsidiaries.

In Grant’s view, JBS’s expansion is indicative of a bigger trend – a changing and growing acquisition finance market for Latin America. “The more acquisitions you are seeing from Latin America into the US means that that the market is going to shift,” she said. “It’s growing more similar to US sponsor – style leveraged financing.”

Sources of Pride

In a career filled with significant professional achievement, one special accomplishment stands out, Grant says. “The professional achievement I’m most proud of is becoming the firm’s first black partner,” Grant said. “It’s historic, and also a source of pride for my parents.”

“Really, it’s a professional and personal achievement,” she continued. “Professionally, my election helped to open doors to others coming after me. On a personal level, when I was deciding what I wanted to do with my life, I knew it would include making the road easier for those coming behind me. This is very important to me.”

Political Risk and Diplomacy Skills

The road to achieving this professional success has been paved with hard work. Grant’s practice is multifaceted and calls upon so many of her skills.

“When working on cross-border transactions you often times have to deal with issues of political risk — we’re talking about expropriation, nationalization, currency conversion issues, etc. We’re also talking about war and political insurrection,” Grant said. “All of these issues come into play in my work.”

She continued, “In the past, mitigation of political risk was dealt with by lenders and investors buying an insurance policy against such risks occurring. For example, in the early 2000s, when Argentina decided to redenominate all US dollar-denominated obligations into Pesos, which created losses for many foreign lenders and investors, many of our clients made claims under their political risk insurance (PRI) policies.”

Grant explained that the insurance companies pushed back, arguing that “pesofication” was not covered by the standard PRI policies. Of course, the policyholders disagreed. As a result, many of the claims were taken to arbitration. “We had to arbitrate a number of these political risk claims – and we were successful on a number of them – but not without a lot of cost and time to our clients and significant questions about the effectiveness of these types of policies,” she said. “So now, many people try to structure their deals in such a way to work around these political issues.”

Recently, for example, Grant worked on an acquisition financing in Peru that was closing right around the time of the country’s elections. This meant that she had to assist her clients in navigating that transaction in a way that didn’t offend either political party, but at the same time provided the client with adequate protection. This called for strong diplomatic skills.

“Maybe this is genetic, because of my father’s career, but I’m interested in using diplomacy skills to have a variety of interests come together to consummate a deal, to meld all of these things together,” she explained.

Wisdom for New Lawyers

Grant’s sound practical perspective has benefited her outside the deal environment.

“One of the things I wish I had been more cognizant of when I was first starting my career was the importance of building relationships and networking. The earlier that starts, the better it is for you,” Grant advised. “It’s a small world, and it’s helpful to know as many people as you can. That includes business relationships and the like, but it also means mentoring.”

She continued, “Another point I do raise with young people is that it will help enrich your life to build up your personal profile and take stock of what you have attained. I always remind associates in our firm to enjoy the journey. Sometimes you’re so worried about what’s next that it’s hard to step back and maintain some perspective. Time goes so quickly that you’ve got to be able to stop for a moment and celebrate your achievements.”

Advice for Women in Law

“For more than half of my career I have been fortunate to be in practice groups at the firm led by women,” she said. “The women partners here at Shearman & Sterling are very supportive, and we meet regularly to discuss challenges we face individually and collectively and to support and advocate for our women lawyers. I have seen women succeed and do very well — I do think there are challenges to find the right path for each person.”

She continued, “I would be remiss if I didn’t mention that I’m also a mother of two young children. And finding that equilibrium – to be an excellent parent and, at Shearman & Sterling, an excellent lawyer, partner and business developer – is challenging.”

“We always want to give 100% to all aspects of life – it’s not a barrier, but it comes with a lot of work, to achieve the success you’d like to achieve as a mother and a partner at a successful law firm. But at the same time, my son, for instance, really wants me at his violin concert. And I want to make it look easy – I want my daughter to believe she can do anything she wants to achieve. You don’t want to let them see any chinks in your armor.”

“Luckily, I have a wonderful support system at home which really makes a huge difference,” she added.

For women entering the legal profession, Grant advises that they not allow themselves to be wallflowers. “Make sure you’re visible,” she said. “From the time you get into the firm, make sure you’re noticed. You have to do a little bit more than just be an excellent lawyer. You have to create your own opportunities.”

She added, “Do not hesitate to promote yourself at work. I do see our male counterparts doing it regularly. In fact, I see how my son already takes credit for many things, but my daughter will hesitate. We encourage her to be more proactive and not to be shy. I would say the same thing to young lawyers.”

She continued, “One of the other important things I would mention is to always remember where you came from and who helped you get to where you are. And you need to be able to afford others that opportunity.”

“Often when you are successful, it is easy to forget how important it is to mentor and help people. Here are Shearman & Sterling, even as we partners gain greater seniority, we work hard to build that next generation of partners. And in client relationships, we need to make sure to include junior women and minority lawyers in our transition plans,” she advised.

“We need to continue to build that cadre of women and diverse partners throughout the firm. The only way to break through any ceilings or walls is to work together.”

Diversity at Shearman

Grant serves as co-chair of Shearman’s diversity committee, a committee she co-founded in 1992 as a third-year associate at the firm, with John Cannon, a partner and practice group leader, and Anna Brown, a colleague and today the firm’s full-time director of global diversity and inclusion. “We have a strong culture in place here at Shearman & Sterling, and women can see that they can do very well here,” she said. “It is about charting your own path with support from others.”

In Her Personal Time

While her work at Shearman & Sterling is challenging and time consuming, Grant does work hard to maintain some important priorities.

“I’m a staunch believer in doing pro bono work,” she said. “Right now I’m working on a microfinance matter for a social business fund investing in social businesses in Haiti. This is something I’m passionate about. I also sit on the board of Edwin Gould Services for Children and Families, which is a New York State-sponsored adoption agency.”

Finally, she said she manages to take a few moments for herself. “It all comes down to that equilibrium,” she said. “You can’t forget about your self. I’ve found that it’s helpful to take a moment to take a deep breath and let it all sink in.”

“You do need to do that for yourself, even if it’s just ten minutes on the weekend – which is what I usually get!” she added with a laugh.